Balcomb Greene said that "de Kooning virtually worshipped Gorky" according to Aristodimos Kaldis, "Gorky was de Kooning's master".
Gorky, who de Kooning first met at the home of Misha Reznikoff, became a close friend and, for at least ten years, an important influence. Among them were the American Stuart Davis, the Armenian Arshile Gorky and the Russian John Graham, whom de Kooning collectively called the "Three Musketeers". He also began to meet some of the modernist artists active in Manhattan.
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He supported himself with jobs in carpentry, house-painting and commercial art.ĭe Kooning began painting in his free time and in 1928 he joined the art colony at Woodstock, New York. In 1927 he moved to Manhattan, where he had a studio on West Forty-fourth Street. He stayed at the Dutch Seamen's Home in Hoboken, New Jersey, and found work as a house-painter. In 1926 de Kooning travelled to the United States as a stowaway on the Shelley, a British freighter bound for Argentina, and on August 15 landed at Newport News, Virginia. Until 1924 he attended evening classes at the Academie van Beeldende Kunsten en Technische Wetenschappen (the academy of fine arts and applied sciences of Rotterdam), now the Willem de Kooning Academie. He left school in 1916 and became an apprentice in a firm of commercial artists. His parents, Leendert de Kooning and Cornelia Nobel, were divorced in 1907, and de Kooning lived first with his father and then with his mother. Willem de Kooning was born in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, on April 24, 1904. Other painters in this group included Jackson Pollock, Elaine de Kooning, Lee Krasner, Franz Kline, Arshile Gorky, Mark Rothko, Hans Hofmann, Adolph Gottlieb, Anne Ryan, Robert Motherwell, Philip Guston, Clyfford Still, and Richard Pousette-Dart. In the years after World War II, de Kooning painted in a style that came to be referred to as Abstract expressionism or "action painting", and was part of a group of artists that came to be known as the New York School. On December 9, 1943, he married painter Elaine Fried. He moved to the United States in 1926, and became an American citizen in 1962. He was born in Rotterdam, in the Netherlands. Willem de Kooning (/ˈwɪləm də ˈkuːnɪŋ/ Dutch: Ap– March 19, 1997) was a Dutch abstract expressionist artist.
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